In the case of Butler v. Michigan, 1956, the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously struck down a Michigan law that made it a criminal offense to sell literature deemed harmful to minors. The plaintiff was convicted under this law for selling an adult book which contained explicit content not suitable for children. However, he argued that his constitutional rights were violated as the law infringed upon adults' right to access such material just because it could be harmful to minors if read by them. The court ruled in favor of Butler stating that protecting juveniles from potentially harmful materials did not justify reducing adult consumption of those same materials to what is fit for children. Justice Felix Frankfurter wrote in his opinion: "Surely this is to burn the house down to roast the pig." This ruling emphasized First Amendment protections and set important precedent regarding censorship laws and their potential overreach into protected freedoms.

In the case of Butler v. Michigan, there was no dissenting opinion recorded as the decision was unanimous. The Supreme Court ruled 9-0 in favor of Butler, striking down a Michigan law that made it a misdemeanor to sell literature containing "obscene, immoral, lewd or lascivious language" on grounds that it violated the First Amendment's protection of freedom of speech. Justice Felix Frankfurter delivered the court's opinion stating that this law went beyond what is constitutionally permissible as it sought to protect minors by reducing adults' access to such materials to only what is suitable for children.