In Dozier v. State of Alabama, 1909, the U.S Supreme Court reviewed a case involving an African American man named Will Dozier who was convicted for murder by an all-white jury in Alabama. The defense argued that the selection process of the jury was racially biased as it systematically excluded black citizens from serving on juries. This exclusion violated his Fourteenth Amendment rights to equal protection under law and due process. However, despite acknowledging potential racial bias in jury selection processes across Southern states at that time period, the court upheld Dozier's conviction stating there wasn't enough evidence to prove systematic racial discrimination in this particular case.

In the dissenting opinion for Dozier v. State of Alabama, it was argued that the defendant's constitutional rights were violated due to a lack of proper legal representation during his trial. The dissenting justices believed that Mr. Dozier did not receive adequate counsel as required by law, which resulted in an unfair trial and subsequent conviction. They pointed out that he was only provided with a lawyer on the day of his trial, giving him no time to prepare or discuss his case adequately with his attorney before facing court proceedings. This situation raised serious concerns about whether justice had been served properly in this case since every citizen has a right to competent legal representation under U.S law regardless of their financial status or crime committed.