In the case of Evers et al. v. Dwyer et al., 1958, the United States Supreme Court addressed racial segregation on public buses in Memphis, Tennessee. The plaintiffs were African American citizens who challenged a city ordinance and state law requiring segregated seating on public transportation as unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. The lower courts had ruled against them, upholding the laws as constitutional based upon Plessy v. Ferguson’s “separate but equal” doctrine. However, when appealed to the Supreme Court, it reversed these decisions by relying on its landmark ruling in Brown v Board of Education (1954), which declared that separate facilities are inherently unequal and thus violate equal protection rights guaranteed by Constitution for all citizens regardless of race or color. The court held that just like with schools; segregation imposed by law also violated equality principles when applied to public transportation systems too - thereby striking down such practices across nation once and for all.

In the dissenting opinion for Evers et al. v. Dwyer et al., it was argued that the majority's decision to uphold segregation on public buses in Tennessee violated both the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and previous Supreme Court rulings against racial segregation, such as Brown v. Board of Education (1954). The dissenters contended that there is no constitutional basis for distinguishing between schools and other public facilities when it comes to enforcing desegregation laws, asserting that any form of state-sanctioned racial discrimination should be deemed unconstitutional regardless of where it occurs. They also criticized their colleagues' reliance on historical precedent over contemporary legal standards, arguing that this approach undermines progress towards achieving true equality under law.