The case of Fox River Paper Company et al. v. Railroad Commission of Wisconsin in 1926 revolved around the issue of whether a state could regulate rates charged by privately owned utilities for services provided within its borders, without violating the due process clause or equal protection clause under the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S Constitution. The Fox River Paper Company and other paper mills challenged an order from Wisconsin's Railroad Commission that reduced freight rates on pulpwood shipped within Wisconsin, arguing it was discriminatory as it did not apply to interstate commerce and violated their constitutional rights. However, the Supreme Court ruled against them stating that states have power to control intrastate commerce so long as they do not interfere with interstate commerce or violate any provision of federal law or constitution. Hence, there was no violation of either due process or equal protection clauses because all shippers were treated equally under this regulation.

The dissenting opinion in the case of Fox River Paper Company et al. v. Railroad Commission of Wisconsin argued that the majority's decision to uphold a state law regulating intrastate railroad rates was an overreach of federal authority and violated principles of states' rights. The dissenters believed that the regulation should have been considered as part of interstate commerce, which is under federal jurisdiction, rather than being treated as purely intrastate matter. They contended that this misclassification allowed for undue interference with business operations and could potentially harm economic interests by imposing unfair or burdensome regulations on companies operating across state lines. Furthermore, they expressed concern about potential inconsistencies in regulatory standards between different states if such matters were left entirely to individual state discretion without any overarching federal oversight or guidelines.