The U.S. Supreme Court case International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, Upper South Department, AFL-CIO v. Quality Manufacturing Co., et al., 1974 revolved around the issue of labor union rights and collective bargaining agreements. The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union (ILGWU) filed a suit against Quality Manufacturing Company for breach of contract after the company refused to arbitrate a dispute over an employee's dismissal as stipulated in their agreement. The lower courts ruled in favor of Quality Manufacturing, stating that federal law did not require arbitration unless both parties agreed to it at the time of dispute rather than beforehand in a contract clause. However, on appeal by ILGWU, the Supreme Court reversed this decision unanimously ruling that if an employer agrees to arbitrate disputes within its collective bargaining agreement with employees or unions then they are legally bound by such clauses even when they later disagree with them.

The dissenting opinion in the case of International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, Upper South Department, AFL-CIO v. Quality Manufacturing Co. et al., argued that the majority's decision to uphold an injunction against a union for picketing was incorrect and inconsistent with previous Supreme Court rulings on labor disputes. The dissenters believed that the Norris-LaGuardia Act had been designed specifically to limit federal courts from intervening in such cases unless there were clear violations of specific laws or contracts. They also pointed out that no such violation had occurred in this instance; rather, it was a dispute over whether certain workers should be classified as employees under existing law - something they felt fell squarely within state jurisdiction and outside federal purview. Furthermore, they expressed concern about potential chilling effects on legitimate union activities if similar injunctions could be easily obtained by employers seeking to suppress worker organizing efforts.