In the case of Gobeille v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, the U.S Supreme Court ruled in favor of Liberty Mutual Insurance Company. The dispute arose when Vermont required all health insurers to report claims data to a state database, aiming to improve healthcare quality and reduce costs. However, Liberty Mutual's health plan (administered by Blue Cross Blue Shield) was self-insured and covered employees across multiple states; thus they argued that this requirement should be pre-empted by federal law - specifically ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act), which sets minimum standards for voluntarily established retirement and health plans in private industry to protect individuals in these plans. The court agreed with this argument stating that reporting requirements differed among states causing potential burdens on nationally operating entities like Liberty Mutual. Therefore, it concluded that such state laws are indeed pre-empted by ERISA as they relate directly to employee benefit plans.

In the dissenting opinion for Gobeille v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, Justice Ginsburg argued that ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) does not preempt Vermont's healthcare reporting requirement. She contended that states have traditionally held authority over public health matters and should be allowed to continue doing so unless Congress explicitly says otherwise. According to her, the majority’s decision could undermine state efforts to regulate healthcare and collect data necessary for policy-making decisions. Furthermore, she pointed out that ERISA was designed to protect employee benefits rather than shield self-insured employers from state regulation or oversight.