In the case of Green et al. v. Virginia in 1963, the U.S Supreme Court ruled on a matter involving racial discrimination in jury selection. The appellants were African American men convicted for rape by an all-white jury from Prince Edward County, Virginia - a county with significant black population but no black jurors due to systematic exclusion based on race. They appealed their conviction arguing that it violated their Fourteenth Amendment rights which guarantee equal protection under law irrespective of race or color. The Supreme Court agreed with them and reversed their convictions stating that such systematic exclusion was indeed unconstitutional as per both Equal Protection Clause and Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. It held that any state denying a fair trial by purposefully excluding jurors based on race is violating its citizens' constitutional rights.

In the dissenting opinion for Green et al. v. Virginia, the justice argued that the majority's decision was a misinterpretation of due process rights under the Fourteenth Amendment. The dissenting view held that there was no constitutional violation in this case because it did not involve any fundamental unfairness or denial of basic fairness to defendants. It emphasized that states should have broad discretion in determining their own criminal procedures and standards for evidence admissibility, as long as they do not violate explicit constitutional protections or principles of fundamental fairness established by precedent cases. Furthermore, it contended that federal courts should refrain from interfering with state court decisions unless there is clear evidence of a substantial injustice or an egregious error violating essential elements of fair trial guaranteed by constitutionally protected rights.