In the case of Grenada Lumber Company v. State of Mississippi, the Supreme Court ruled on a dispute involving taxation laws in Mississippi. The Grenada Lumber Company argued that it was being unfairly taxed by the state because its property was assessed at a higher value than other similar properties in different counties. They claimed this violated their Fourteenth Amendment rights to equal protection under law and due process. However, the court disagreed with their argument and upheld Mississippi's right to tax businesses operating within its borders as it saw fit. The court found no evidence of intentional discrimination against out-of-state corporations or any arbitrary action by tax authorities that would constitute a violation of constitutional rights.

In the dissenting opinion for Grenada Lumber Company v. State of Mississippi, it was argued that the majority's decision to uphold a tax on lumber companies violated principles of equal protection under law. The justice contended that this specific tax unfairly targeted businesses in one industry while exempting others, thereby creating an unjust burden on certain commercial activities. Furthermore, he disputed the notion that states have unlimited power to impose taxes as they see fit without regard for constitutional protections against arbitrary and discriminatory legislation. He maintained that such practices undermine economic freedom and are inconsistent with fundamental tenets of American jurisprudence.