In the case of Leiter Minerals, Inc. v. United States et al., 1956, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the U.S government over a dispute regarding mineral rights on land owned by Leiter Minerals but claimed by the federal government under swamp lands grant legislation from 1849 and 1850. The court held that while Louisiana law generally allowed for private ownership of minerals beneath publicly-owned surface land, this did not apply to federally-owned swamplands because they were acquired through Congressional grants rather than purchase or condemnation proceedings. Therefore, these lands remained subject to federal jurisdiction and control despite their location within state boundaries.

In the dissenting opinion for Leiter Minerals, Inc. v. United States et al., Justice Frankfurter disagreed with the majority's decision to uphold federal government intervention in a private property dispute involving mineral rights on land that was previously owned by the government but sold to private parties. He argued that this case did not involve public lands or any significant federal interest and therefore should have been resolved under state law rather than federal law. Furthermore, he contended that allowing such broad interpretation of federal jurisdiction could lead to an overreach of power by the executive branch at the expense of states' rights and individual property rights.