The National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB) v. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration case was a dispute over the validity of an Obama-era rule that extended overtime pay to certain salaried workers. The NFIB argued that the rule exceeded Congress’s authority by raising wages without legislative action, while the Department of Labor defended it as necessary for protecting vulnerable employees from exploitation. In a 5-4 decision, the Supreme Court sided with NFIB and struck down the regulation on grounds that it violated federal law by exceeding congressional authority in setting wage levels. This ruling has significant implications for employers who must now comply with existing laws regarding overtime pay rather than relying on this overturned regulation to determine their obligations under labor law.

In the dissenting opinion of National Federation of Independent Business v. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Justice Ginsburg argued that the majority opinion was wrong in its interpretation of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). She argued that the majority opinion failed to recognize the broad scope of the OSHA and the authority it grants to the Department of Labor to issue regulations to protect workers from hazardous conditions. She argued that the majority opinion was too narrow in its interpretation of the OSHA and that the Department of Labor had the authority to issue the regulations in question. She also argued that the majority opinion failed to recognize the importance of the regulations in protecting workers from hazardous conditions and that the regulations were necessary to ensure the safety of workers. Finally, she argued that the majority opinion was wrong in its interpretation of the OSHA and that the Department of Labor had the authority to issue the regulations in question.