The U.S. Supreme Court case National Labor Relations Board v. Financial Institution Employees of America, Local 1182 (1985) revolved around the issue of whether a labor union could charge nonmembers for political activities unrelated to collective bargaining, contract administration or grievance adjustment. The court ruled in favor of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), stating that under the Railway Labor Act and similar statutes, unions cannot require objecting employees who are not members to contribute financial support towards such expenses as part of their "fair share" fees used for collective bargaining purposes. This decision upheld an earlier ruling by NLRB which stated that it was unfair labor practice for a union to use agency shop clause funds from non-consenting nonmember employees for expenditures outside those necessary to perform its duties as exclusive representative.

In the dissenting opinion for the case of National Labor Relations Board v. Financial Institution Employees of America, Local 1182, it was argued that the majority's decision to uphold a ban on picketing by nonemployee union members at privately owned shopping centers contradicted previous rulings and infringed upon First Amendment rights. The dissenters believed that such restrictions were not justified by property rights or business interests and could have far-reaching implications for labor law and free speech protections. They also criticized the majority's reliance on an overly narrow interpretation of labor laws in reaching their conclusion, arguing instead for a more balanced approach that takes into account both property owners' rights and workers' right to protest unfair conditions.