In the Perkins-Campbell Company v. United States case of 1923, the Supreme Court ruled on a dispute involving a contract between The Perkins-Campbell Company and the U.S. government for supplying goods during World War I. The company had agreed to supply certain materials at fixed prices but later claimed that due to unforeseen circumstances, it incurred additional costs in fulfilling its contractual obligations and sought compensation from the government for these extra expenses. However, the court held that under their agreement, any increase in cost was a risk assumed by The Perkins-Campbell Company itself and not by the government. Therefore, they were not entitled to reimbursement for such increased costs beyond what was stipulated in their original contract with the U.S Government.

In the dissenting opinion for The Perkins-Campbell Company v. United States, 1923 case, it was argued that the majority's decision to uphold a tax on foreign corporations doing business in America was unjust and unconstitutional. The dissenting justices believed that this tax unfairly targeted foreign businesses and hindered international trade relations. They also contended that the law did not clearly define what constituted "doing business" in America, which could lead to arbitrary enforcement of the law. Furthermore, they disagreed with the majority's interpretation of Congress' power under Article I Section 8 Clause 3 (the Commerce Clause) of Constitution; they felt this ruling expanded Congressional powers too far into areas traditionally regulated by states or left unregulated due to concerns about individual rights or free market principles.