The U.S. Supreme Court case Federal Power Commission et al. v. Interstate Natural Gas Co. et al., 1948, revolved around the issue of whether or not the Federal Power Commission (FPC) had jurisdiction over sales of natural gas by producers to pipelines for resale in interstate commerce under the Natural Gas Act of 1938. The FPC claimed it did have such authority and issued orders setting rates for these transactions, which were challenged by several gas companies including Interstate Natural Gas Co.. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the FPC, stating that Congress intended to give it regulatory power over all aspects of interstate natural gas shipments when they passed the act, including sales for resale also known as wholesale transactions.

The dissenting opinion in the case of Federal Power Commission v. Interstate Natural Gas Co., 1948, argued that the majority's decision was a misinterpretation of the Natural Gas Act. The dissenters believed that Congress did not intend to give regulatory power over direct sales of natural gas to individual consumers or businesses to the Federal Power Commission (FPC). They contended that such an interpretation would lead to unnecessary and burdensome regulations on local distribution companies and could potentially disrupt state regulation systems already in place. Furthermore, they asserted that this broad interpretation could extend FPC authority into areas traditionally regulated by states, undermining federalism principles. In their view, Congress intended for FPC jurisdiction only over wholesale transactions and interstate transportation but not direct sales.