In the case of Salsburg v. Maryland, 1953, the U.S Supreme Court ruled in favor of Maryland by a vote of six to three. The issue at hand was whether or not state laws requiring evidence obtained through illegal searches and seizures could be used in court cases. This decision upheld that such evidence could indeed be used under state law without violating the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause. In this particular case, an unauthorized search had led to the discovery of illegal gambling devices on premises owned by Salsburg; these were then used as evidence against him during his trial for possession and operation of said devices. The Supreme Court maintained that while federal courts are prohibited from using illegally obtained evidence (as per previous rulings), states have their own discretion regarding this matter unless it is found to infringe upon fundamental fairness.

In the dissenting opinion for Salsburg v. Maryland, Justice Frankfurter argued that the majority's decision to overturn a state law based on federal rules of evidence was an overreach of judicial power. He contended that it is not within the Supreme Court's jurisdiction to dictate how states should conduct their criminal trials or what kind of evidence they should admit. According to him, this authority lies with Congress and individual state legislatures who are better equipped to make such decisions due to their closer proximity and understanding of local conditions and needs. Furthermore, he warned against imposing uniformity in areas where diversity could be beneficial as different states may have varying approaches towards handling similar issues depending on their unique circumstances.