In the case of Toof et al. v. Martin, Assignee, etc., the Supreme Court of the United States was asked to decide whether a contract between two parties was valid and enforceable. The contract in question was between the plaintiffs, Toof et al., and the defendant, Martin, who had been appointed as assignee of a bankrupt estate. The plaintiffs had agreed to purchase certain property from the bankrupt estate, and the defendant had agreed to accept payment in installments. The plaintiffs had made the first installment payment, but had failed to make the second installment payment. The defendant then sought to enforce the contract and recover the unpaid balance. The Supreme Court held that the contract was valid and enforceable. The Court noted that the contract was not void for lack of consideration, as the plaintiffs had made the first installment payment. Furthermore, the Court held that the defendant had the right to enforce the contract and recover the unpaid balance. The Court also noted that the defendant had acted in good faith in attempting to enforce the contract, and that the plaintiffs had failed to make the second installment payment. In conclusion, the Supreme Court held that the contract between Toof et al. and Martin, Assignee, etc., was valid and enforceable. The Court held that the defendant had the right to enforce the contract and recover the unpaid balance, and that the plaintiffs had failed to make the second installment payment.

In Toof et al. v. Martin, Assignee, etc., the Supreme Court was asked to decide whether a contract between two parties could be enforced when it had been assigned by one of them to another party who was not aware of its terms at the time they were made. The majority opinion held that such an assignment would be valid and enforceable against both parties even if only one of them knew about it; however, Justice Field dissented from this ruling on the grounds that it violated basic principles of fairness and justice. He argued that contracts should only be binding upon those who are actually aware of their terms when they are entered into; otherwise, people may find themselves unexpectedly bound by obligations which they did not agree to in advance or even know about until after the fact. This would lead to injustice as well as confusion in commercial transactions since no one can predict with certainty what agreements will later become binding on them due to assignments made without their knowledge or consent.