In the case of United States v. Mrs. Gue Lim (1899), the U.S Supreme Court ruled in favor of Mrs. Gue Lim, a Chinese woman who was denied entry into the United States despite being married to a resident Chinese merchant and having children born in America. The court held that under Section 6 of the Act of September 13, 1888, she had a legal right to enter and reside in the country as her husband's domicile was within its borders at all relevant times. This ruling upheld her rights against discriminatory immigration laws targeting Chinese immigrants during that period.

The dissenting opinion in the United States v. Mrs. Gue Lim case argued that the majority's decision was inconsistent with previous rulings and violated principles of fairness and due process. The dissent emphasized that Mrs. Gue Lim, a Chinese woman who had legally entered the U.S., should not be deported based on an unsupported claim by immigration officials that she was unlawfully present in the country. It stressed that her constitutional rights were infringed upon when she was denied a fair hearing to challenge this assertion, particularly given her inability to understand English or comprehend legal proceedings without assistance or representation.