Weber v. The Board of Harbor Commissioners is a United States Supreme Court case that was decided in 1873. The case involved a dispute between the Board of Harbor Commissioners of the City of San Francisco and a man named Charles Weber. Weber had been granted a permit to build a wharf in the harbor of San Francisco, but the Board of Harbor Commissioners had revoked the permit. Weber argued that the Board of Harbor Commissioners had acted in an arbitrary and capricious manner in revoking his permit. He argued that the Board had not followed the procedures set out in the city charter and had not given him a fair hearing. The Supreme Court agreed with Weber and held that the Board of Harbor Commissioners had acted in an arbitrary and capricious manner in revoking his permit. The Court held that the Board had violated Weber's due process rights by not following the procedures set out in the city charter and by not giving him a fair hearing. The Court also held that the Board had acted in an unconstitutional manner by revoking the permit without giving Weber an opportunity to be heard. The Court reversed the decision of the Board of Harbor Commissioners and ordered that Weber's permit be reinstated.

In Weber v. The Board of Harbor Commissioners, the Supreme Court was asked to decide whether a state law that prohibited Chinese immigrants from working on public works projects violated the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. Justice Field delivered the dissenting opinion in this case, arguing that while he agreed with the majority's conclusion that states do not have an absolute right to exclude any class of people from their borders or deny them certain privileges and immunities within their jurisdiction, he disagreed with its decision regarding Chinese immigrants' rights under the Fourteenth Amendment. He argued that since Congress had already passed legislation prohibiting discrimination against Chinese laborers in California and other western states, it would be unconstitutional for a state government to pass similar laws targeting only one group of individuals based solely on race or national origin. Furthermore, Justice Field noted that if such laws were allowed to stand they could lead to further discrimination against other classes of people as well as create unequal protection under the law for all citizens regardless of race or nationality.