Webb, Trustee v. Sharp, Marshal was a case heard by the United States Supreme Court in 1871. The case centered around a dispute between the Trustee of the estate of a deceased man and the Marshal of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. The Trustee had been appointed to manage the estate of the deceased man, and the Marshal had been appointed to execute the orders of the court. The dispute arose when the Trustee sought to recover certain funds from the Marshal that had been collected by the Marshal in the course of executing the orders of the court. The Trustee argued that the funds should be returned to the estate, while the Marshal argued that the funds were rightfully his. The Supreme Court ultimately sided with the Trustee, ruling that the funds should be returned to the estate. The Court held that the Marshal had no right to retain the funds, as they had been collected in the course of executing the orders of the court. The Court further held that the Trustee had a right to the funds, as they were part of the estate of the deceased man.

In Webb v. Sharp, the Supreme Court was tasked with determining whether a federal court had jurisdiction to issue an injunction against a state marshal who had seized property in violation of federal law. The majority opinion held that the lower court did not have such authority because it would be tantamount to allowing one branch of government (the judiciary) to interfere with another branch's (the executive) enforcement of laws within its own domain. Justice Field dissented from this decision, arguing that Congress has given the courts power over all cases arising under any act of Congress and thus they should have jurisdiction in this case as well. He argued further that if there is no remedy for violations of federal law by state officers then those laws are effectively rendered meaningless and without force or effect, which could lead to chaos and anarchy throughout the country since each state may choose how it enforces these laws.